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Lake Sensor Network

  • Jul. 17th, 2006 at 9:26 PM
pleasant
One of the presentations I attended today gave me an idea for an electronics project. In the "DTN Lake Sensor Network" talk, Stephen Farrell explained the Sensor Networking with Delay Tolerance (SeNDT) project. It's a proof-of-concept delay-tolerant sensor network that monitors water quality on a lake in Ireland. This kind of network demonstrates some of the techniques and challenges that space networks will face, thus the talk's inclusion in this conference.

Anyway, the project gave me the idea to think about how I might go about setting up a temperature monitor for a certain other lake of my acquaintance, with a remote display. This wouldn't be a sophisticated system at all—just a single sensor. SeNDT's sensors are mounted on buoys and powered by marine solar panels. I'd just hang a sensor off the dock or mooring buoy. There is mains electricity at the shore, though I imagine a wire connecting it to a water temperature sensor would tend to get in the way of shore- and dock-side activities. I'd have to look into how cheaply I could get an appropriate solar panel. 802.11b, like SeNDT uses, sounds like an easy choice for communicating to the wi-fi router at the house. The enclosure would be something to think about; I wouldn't leave it in the lake over the winter, but I would want the sensor to stay in the water over the summer. Operationally, I'd want it to provide readings at least once an hour between sunrise and sunset. So I assume I wouldn't need much in the way of a battery, or much in the way of a memory cache (it wouldn't need to buffer a bunch of readings; it'd just send 'em as it got 'em).

Comments

[info]wb3hxs wrote:
Jul. 18th, 2006 02:36 pm (UTC)
Temp Sensor
Actually, there is a temp sensor incorporated in the knot/log instrument on the sailboat. The temp display has not functioned for several years, but now the entire instrument seems to have failed and I'm looking into replacing it. I believe the sensor for temp/speed/dist is OK....just the display unit seems to have failed. If I replace it (or even if I don't), there is a temp sensor sitting there that is in the water all summer as long as the boat is and there is 12 volt power which could run something that could talk to the wireless set-up in the house. They make relatively inexpensive solar trickle chargers for just such applications. Let me know if you want to try experimenting with it. The replacement of the speed/dist capability is not a high priority since GPS is so much better and cheaper now than it was back then.
[info]barawn wrote:
Jul. 19th, 2006 04:11 pm (UTC)
All-Electronics has decent cheap solar panels: half a watt max power for $8. Sundance Solar also has small panels in more ranges (though for price/watt, the All-Electronics panel is much cheaper).

Problem is that 802.11b is 1) expensive for custom electronics, 2) sucks power like mad. To get something that runs *consumer* 802.11b off of a solar panel would not be cheap: best bet would be something like a Linksys WRT54GL (which you could use as the microcontroller as well), but that sucks something like 2.4W. You'd need a pretty hefty solar panel for that.

A neater trick might be something like this for the sensor plus a cheapo microcontroller like a PIC16F88 (which is free to sample, incidentally, with ridiculously fast shipping) - - the 16F88 is perfect for this, really, with very low power, built in ADC, internal oscillator... jeez, you'd only need like 5 or 6 components. Total current consumption should be something like 50-75 mA. You could probably get away with two of these.

Then on the other end, you have some cheap device wired up with mains with 802.11b/g, and the receiver module, possibly with another PIC, hooked up to a serial port. For the 'cheap device' I'd probably recommend the WRT54GL like I mentioned above. As a bonus, it could provide wired Ethernet access down at the lake as well, and with an external antenna added on, it'd provide a bit more robust access. If the router up at the house supported WDS, you could have the WRT54GL extend the range of the wireless as well.